Humanism :: essays research papers

Humanism, in philosophy, attitude that emphasizes the dignity and worth of the individual. A basic premise of humanism is that people are rational beings who possess within themselves the capacity for truth and goodness. The term humanism is most often used to describe a literary and cultural movement that spread through western Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries. This Renaissance revival of Greek and Roman studies emphasized the value of the classics for their own sake, rather than for their relevance to Christianity. The humanist movement started in Italy, where the late medieval Italian writers Dante, Giovanni Boccaccio, and Francesco Petrarch contributed greatly to the discovery and preservation of classical works. Advertisement Humanist ideals were forcefully expressed by another Italian scholar, Pico della Mirandola, in his Oration on the dignity of man. The movement was further stimulated by the influx of Byzantine scholars who came to Italy after the fall of Constantinople (present-day Istanbul) to the Ottomans in 1453 and also by the establishment of the Platonic Academy in Florence. The academy, whose leading thinker was Marsilio Ficino, was founded by the 15th-century Florentine statesman and patron of the arts Cosimo de' Medici. The institution sought to revive Platonism and had particular influence on the literature, painting, and architecture of the times. The collection and translation of classical manuscripts became widespread, especially among the higher clergy and nobility. The invention of printing with movable type, around the mid-15th century, gave a further impetus to humanism through the dissemination of editions of the classics. Although in Italy humanism developed principally in the fields of literature and art, in central Europe, where it was introduced chiefly by the German scholars Johann Reuchlin and Melanchthon, the movement extended into the fields of theology and education, and was a major underlying cause of the Reformation. One of the most influential scholars in the development of humanism in France was the Dutch cleric Desiderius Erasmus, who also played an important part in introducing the movement into England.

My Career as a Pharmacist

According to the L.A. deputy district attorney who prosecuted Winona Ryder for shoplifting in 2002, the whacked-out actress was a walking pharmacopeia. When she was arrested, Ryder was carrying eight (yes, 8) different types of painkillers and tranquilizers in her purse. Ryder insisted that she had prescriptions for all but one of them. That was true. She neglected to mention, however, that she had used several bogus names to get them (http://anecdotage.com/index. php?aid=17259). From this anecdote, I come to realize more the Great responsibilities of a pharmacist, one of our next-door heroes where we entrust the community and our family’s health. With the great deal knowing how a medicine works and what its composition to say its safe for human consumption were the few things learned during the academic years. But why did I choose this career, what is Doctor of pharmacy had to do with my lifetime goal? What will it take me to be successful with my chosen choice of career? With the increasing number of school offering Pharmacy, candidates competing for available seats are just few proofs that the career I have chosen despite its complexity is more than the job with multiple offers. It’s well paid and well respected in the field of medicine. With the enormous demand for pharmacy professionals one have to consider the rigorous requirements of becoming a Doctor of Pharmacy, a professional degree that needs prior college level of study. For some instances, people who finished a five years pharmacy degree may seek Pharm. D. But this is just one step of becoming a registered pharmacist, there still the preparation and completion of pre-pharmacy requirement, and after that the preparation again for passing the licensure examination. After all of these undertakings, it is now worthwhile that my dreams and goals are materializing, being a part of a medical healthcare team, in touch with people for best drug and non-drug treatment for particular illness, gender and sex, as I can work inside a healthcare facility or being simply a retailer. The continuous modernization in drug therapy that goes with development of technology gives me more excitement because it meant for the increased demand for pharmacist. The work I am competent in, my passion. In this time of modern innovations my career gives me an ongoing enthusiasm for improvement. Accessibility of pharmacies plays a key role in drug distribution during emergencies or simply seeking advice for a particular medicine, prescribing the best drug without its side effects. With the â€Å"war on drugs† between lawmakers and pharmaceutical company, I can only hope that public will benefit, for cheaper generic prescriptions. There may be growing competitions in this field but the zeal and enthusiasm in me create a positive impact. I know that quality and success don’t happen overnight. A passion you have to do from start to finish. Thus, each day I woke up I see to it that it is full of energy and inspiration, because I am meeting different people with different needs on medications and alike. You don’t know whom the medicine for and what’s in their heart that they carry. Remember that being a registered Pharmacist doesn’t end on giving the right medical information and advice but doing a job well done is staying the person you are. Sharing a smile is more than just the best drug you suggest to use but the hope you impart on their soul. This makes my work and passion more rewarding. REFERENCES Whaley, Bryan B.(2000). Explaining Illness: Research, Theory and Strategies. Mahwah, New Jersey New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. iii Winona Ryder: Walking Pharmacy (2002). Retrieved from the Web June 1,2006.   

Interchangeable Manufacturing

Interchangeable Manufacturing and Technical Drawings Until the 1700-1800’s industrial productions was like custom fitting sections in a product. Assembly would consist of craftsman hand filing and grinding roughly shaped parts and putting them together. The invention of interchangeable parts allowed the assembly of products to be done a lot quicker, and without training of a craftsperson. To be able to make the parts there had to be improvements to the technology in the machine had to be made.This led to a mass production of different products such as, cars, appliances, electronics etc. The products can be made in larger numbers then if each one needed to be hand made. With the development of interchangeable manufacturing, technical drawings have become a very important part of the process. Before interchangeable parts were developed the manufacturer would create a part that worked or fit the machine and just kept producing that part.A technical drawing done by draftsmen conta ining known symbols and labels that when sent to the manufacturer they could interpret them and send back a finished product the drafter wanted. Most technical drawings used are simple wire frame views showing the information for production. Technical illustrations are a set of more complex drawings; they contain coloured sections reveling the operating mechanics. Technical drawings are used to convey ideas to others. There function is to communicate descriptions specifications, and instructions to the manufacturer.This is so the three dimensional objects and systems can be made and assembled correctly. The technical drawing shows many important elements that are needed and how they are assembled. They are also made to show each part of the product and the instructions needed. Technical drawings are an essential process of the interchangeable parts assembly. They help the manufacturer know what specifications are required for the product. Without the drawings the assembly would not be able to run as efficiently as it does today.

Atoms, Molecules, & Elements

Atoms are the smallest entities which resemble the properties of an element and cannot be broken down into smaller parts. Molecules are formed when two or more atoms are combined. This formation can happen in a variety of ways. When two oxygen atoms join O2 is formed, and when three oxygen atoms join O3 or ozone is formed. Both of these have different properties. Different atoms can also combine to form molecules. Hydrogen combines with sulfur to form H2S and hydrogen and oxygen also combine to form H2O.Dmitri Mendeleev’s Periodic table is based on atomic weight, whereas, the modern periodic table keeps the atomic number as the base. An atomic table arranges elements from left to right in a row with the atomic number and properties gradually changing. The elements on the next row will actually exhibit similar properties as the ones above or below it. This provides an example of the periodicity nature of the elements. The columns of different elements in a period have the same or very similar properties. The properties of the elements change gradually as the columns move down through the periodic table.Atoms in similar families, such as H2S and H2O, exhibit both similar properties and molecular structure. This shows periodicity in both the molecules and the individual atoms. Alkali metals contain a single electron in their outer shell rendering them highly reactive. This allows them to be ready to donate this single electron to form molecules with substances like water. Halogens are also extremely reactive containing seven electrons in their outer shell. Similar to alkali metals, halogens need only one electron in their outer shell to become stable.The reactivity of an element increases the when the number of outer shell electrons is closer to one or seven. Elements that contain eight electrons in their outer shell exhibit little or no reactivity. Alkali metals are the elements found in group one of the periodic table. Mixing these metals with water creat es a strong base used to neutralize acids. An example of an alkali metal is sodium (Na). Sodium contains one free electron to donate to form instant bonds like NaCl. Chlorine (Cl) is an example of a halogen. Chlorine requires one single electron to make eight electrons in its’ outer shell.Ultimately the high reactivity of alkali metals and halogens are a result of their unstable electronic configuration in the outer shell. In contrast, noble gases tend to be non-reactive because these elements have stable electronic configurations in their outer shell. Helium, for example, has two electrons and neon has eight electrons in the outer shell. These elements do not normally react with other elements. Molecules from atoms in similar families, such as H2S and H2O, have the same type of molecular shape and structure.Sulfur is less electronegative than oxygen making the hydrogen-sulfur bond less polar than the hydrogen-oxygen bond. Due to this difference in polarity, the molecules of H2S tend to remain in a gaseous state. In contrast, the polarity between hydrogen and oxygen keeps the molecules of H2O together in a liquid state. This phenomenon is known as electrostatic attraction which is stronger in H2O molecules and weaker in H2S molecules. The electronic structure of atoms refers to the way electrons are arranged around the nucleus.Four quantum numbers describe this structure and define the position of an electron in the electronic structure of the atom. These numbers illustrate the structure and arrangement of electrons. This can also be defined as a wave function showing the probability of finding an electron in a point in space. Electronic configuration is important for chemists in understanding how and why certain elements react with other elements. This method is much simpler than the quantum model and allows chemists to predict how certain elements will react sometimes before the chemical reaction has taken place.Chemists can then theorize a reaction b ased on this electronic structure. Chemists can also use knowledge of the electronic structure of atoms to predict how elements will bond. They can determine whether the bond will be an electrochemical bond, a covalent bond, or a coordinate bond, etc. This also helps in explaining how certain elements will behave. Diagrams illustrating the energy level of elements also aid chemists but electronic configuration is a more preferred and simpler method for chemists to use.

Case write up- Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case write up- Marketing - Essay Example Lack of professional management therefore has resulted into the lack of organizational development which could have been translated into greater success for the firm at the international level. 3. Another important key issue is the lack of capital to expand the business not only in the local market but at the international level too. Lack of capital has forced the firm to actually limit it and grow organically rather than expanding itself into new and emerging market. This has indirectly resulted into lack of exposure for the firm at the international level besides restricting its growth capacity. 1. Market expansion should be considered as one of the important strategic moves by the firm to actually ensure that it expands into the market other than Europe. Market expansion can be achieved either through the formation of strategic alliances with the firms which are already operating in the target markets of the firm or through a direct entry into the market. 2. Product development can be another important strategic move which the firm can make in order to ensure that they offer a variety of products to the existing market. As described in the case that the retailers often take very few items during the season and the firm is still not in men’s or children business therefore to offer a variety to the market, it is critical that new products should be rolled out at relatively quicker pace in the existing market. In order to ensure that the firm becomes successful at the international level, it is important that the strategy of market expansion must be adapted. In order to expand, business needs to formulate strategic alliances with the firms working in other markets. The formation of strategic alliances can really offer the firm a real chance to know and understand the market with relatively lesser capital while at the same time gaining valuable entry into a new market. Strategic alliances could be formed either through the

Iron and Hemochromatosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Iron and Hemochromatosis - Essay Example A defect in this gene results in a mutation that disturbs this normal function, and iron metabolism is altered so that a large amount of iron is absorbed from the small bowel, about 1mg excess daily (Sardesai, 2012). The mutation most commonly causing hereditary hemochromatosis is when tyrosine is substituted for cysteine in the C282Y protein sequence. When a child inherits C282Y from both parents, the child is most likely to have hemochromatosis 0.5% of the United States Caucasian population has hemochromatosis (Victoria, 2011). If untreated, about 90% of the excess iron remains in hepatocytes, which are the main cells that function in the liver. Most remaining iron is stored in the functioning cells of the pancreas, anterior pituitary gland, joints, and heart. The endocrine disorder can cause diabetes, pigmentation, and cirrhosis in severe cases. A person can die from cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiomyopathy, or diabetes (Powell & Fischer, 2005). Normal life expectancy can result if the disease is diagnosed early and if the person is given phlebotomy therapy. Therapeutic phlebotomy removes 200-250 mg of elemental iron for every 450-500 ml of blood. This is done weekly so that enough body iron stores are depleted (Adams & Barton, 2010). Before each treatment, the concentration of hemoglobin should be recorded. How much therapeutic phlebotomy is needed depends on the concentration of serum ferritin and hepatic iron. These are used as estimates of treatment needs. Excess iron is completely depleted when serum ferritin concentration is 10-20 ng/ml. This takes about one year (Gropper & Smith, 2013). 5-B) Would you expect the prevalence of the symptomatic hemochromatosis to increase or decrease with the introduction of an iron fortification program or an increase in the intake of bioavailable iron. Is there research to support your answer? The body does not have a way to eliminate excess iron naturally, and serum ferritin must be kept at less

Human Resource Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Resource Management - Research Paper Example Introduction Before going into the discussion regarding compensation and benefits, which is one of the most specialized parts of the human resource management, let us get a better understanding of the importance of a well-structured compensation plan in maintaining a productive workforce. A compensation plan is a set of those rewards, remuneration, and benefits, which are provided to the employees by the HR department of the company in order to increase employee productivity. Compensation plans not only help the companies retain skilled employees but also assist HR staff in recruitment processes. Obringer (n.d.) asserts, â€Å"To make your company competitive and attractive to job candidates, you have to offer an exceptional total benefits package†. The thesis statement for this paper is, â€Å"Why is it important for a company to offer a well-structured compensation plan to its employees?† Importance of Compensation Plans Compensation and benefits play an important rol e in making a company achieve increased employee productivity. A well-structured compensation plan is one of the key motivating forces behind increased productivity. If human resource department of a company offers a competitive compensation plan to the employees as a reward for their individual performances, the employees become motivated and they put their efforts to do more for their company. Employee efficiency and organizational productivity depend directly on the types of compensation that are offered to the employees by the company. It is a common fact that the employees like to work for such companies, which give value to the employees’ needs and demands by offering them attractive compensation plans. Keimig (2008) asserts, â€Å"Generous benefit packages (especially those with an emphasis on health insurance and retirement savings) tend to attract employees who are looking for long-term, stable positions†. A well-structured compensation plan needs various fact ors to be considered during development, which include type of the compensation plan, conditions for plan implementation, payment calculation method, culture of the organization, and practicalities of the compensation plan. Some of the main reasons behind the need to design and implement a well-structured compensation plan include increasing employees’ moral, ensuring internal and external equity, reducing the turnover, encouraging employees’ performance and productivity, increasing employees’ loyalty, hiring and retaining skilled staff, and making the employees satisfied with their jobs. Dalton (n.d.) states, â€Å"The employee's family can also receive benefits, should the employee die as a result of the injuries or illness sustained at the company†. Another reason for implementing an appropriate compensation plan is to succeed in today’s competitive markets. It is the 21st century and the level of competition between the companies has reached it s heights. Implementation of compensation plans play a valuable role in making the companies excels in the markets. Therefore, it is extremely important for the companies to hire and retain skilled employees in order to get competitive edge over the competitors. Why Is It Necessary To Have A Compensation Plan? It is very necessary for a company to implement a compensation plan because it increases productivity of the workforce. We can hardly find any employee who is not interested in getting higher pays and